Common HTML Elements

Text Formatting

Purpose	Element	Description	Self-Closing
Headings	h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6	Six levels of section headings	False
Paragraphs	p	Section of text, like in print	False
Line Break	br	Separates content with a carriage-return	True
Horizontal Rule	hr	A line to separate content	True
Lists	ul, ol, li	Ordered and unordered lists	False
Text emphasis	em	Emphasizes text	False
Text importance	strong	Singles out important text	False
Bold	b	Changes text to bold	False
Italic	i	Changes text to italic	False
Blockquote	blockquote	A quote, with optional citation	False

<strong> vs <bold>: The <strong> element is for content that is of greater importance, while the <b> element is used to draw attention to text without indicating that it's more important.

While <em> is used to change the meaning of a sentence as spoken emphasis does ("I love carrots" vs. "I love carrots"), <strong> is used to give portions of a sentence added importance (e.g., "Warning! This is very dangerous.") Both <strong> and <em> can be nested to increase the relative degree of importance or stress emphasis, respectively. - MDN

Images

	Element	Attribute	Description	Self-Closing
Image	img	src	Embeds an image in the document	True
			The value of the src attribute can be a path to a local image or an url to a remote image.
		alt	An alternative to identify the content of the image for screen readers.

Links

Absolute URLs use the entire URL, including the protocol (http://), to link to a page. These are usually used to link to an external site.

<a href="http://www.google.com">Google</a>

Relative URLs are used to link to a file relative to the file in which you are adding the link element. The value of the href property will consist of two parts: path to file + file name.

<!-- .. indicates one level up -->
<a href="../page1.html">Page 1</a>

<!-- same folder -->
<a href="page2.html">Page 2</a>

<!-- down into subDir folder -->
<a href="subDir/page3.html">Page 3</a>

Title	Element	Attribute	Description	Self-closing
Link	a	href	A link within or between documents	False
			The value of the href atrribute can be the url of another page within the site, or a remote site. Or it can be the id of an element within the current page.
		target	The value of "_blank" opens the linked to page in a new window.
		title	The browser may show this as a tooltip when the user hovers over the link.